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springboot 使用quartz 创建简单定时任务入门篇

上善若水2021-01-16 17:44:01【java技术交流】 3407人已围观

简介quartz是一款优秀的任务调度框架,尽管在springboot中已经集成有任务调度,但是绝大多数情况也还是使用了quartz在执行. 创建springboot项目同时引入quartz包pom.xm

quartz是一款优秀的任务调度框架,尽管在springboot中已经集成有任务调度,但是绝大多数情况也还是使用了quartz在执行.

创建springboot项目同时引入quartz包

pom.xml如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.my-quartz-demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>my-quartz-demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot my-quartz-demo</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.编写一个任务调度类继承`Job` 执行任务调度

package com.myquartzdemo.demo.execute;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.quartz.DisallowConcurrentExecution;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

/**
 * Created by EalenXie on 2019/7/10 15:30.
 * <p>
 * Job 是 定时任务的具体执行逻辑
 * JobDetail 是 定时任务的定义
 */
@Slf4j
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class SayHelloJobLogic implements Job {
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        //写你自己的逻辑
        log.info("SayHelloJob.execute , hello world  ! ");
    }
}

3. 创建一个实体,用于保存JobDetail和Trigger的部分参数

package com.myquartzdemo.demo.controller;

import com.myquartzdemo.demo.entity.TaskDefine;
import com.myquartzdemo.demo.execute.SayHelloJobLogic;
import com.myquartzdemo.demo.service.QuartzJobService;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class QuartzDemoController {
    @Autowired
    private QuartzJobService quartzJobService;
    /**
     * 暂停 hello world
     */
    @GetMapping("/addHelloWorldJob")
    @ResponseBody
    public String addHelloWorldJob(@RequestParam(required = false,defaultValue = "sayHelloJobLogic")String name, @RequestParam(required = false,defaultValue = "GroupOne")String group) throws SchedulerException {
        JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name,group);
        //创建一个定时任务
        TaskDefine task = TaskDefine.builder()
                .jobKey(jobKey)
                .cronExpression("0/2 * * * * ? ")   //定时任务 的cron表达式
                .jobClass(SayHelloJobLogic.class)   //定时任务 的具体执行逻辑
                .description("这是一个测试的 任务")    //定时任务 的描述
                .build();
        quartzJobService.scheduleJob(task);
        return "start HelloWorld Job success";
    }
}

4.创建service 传入用户处理创建任务

package com.myquartzdemo.demo.service;

import com.myquartzdemo.demo.entity.TaskDefine;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Map;
@Slf4j
@Service
public class QuartzJobService {
    //Quartz定时任务核心的功能实现类
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    public QuartzJobService(@Autowired SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean) {
        scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
    }


    /**
     * 创建和启动 定时任务
     * {@link org.quartz.Scheduler#scheduleJob(JobDetail, Trigger)}
     *
     * @param define 定时任务
     */
    public void scheduleJob(TaskDefine define) throws SchedulerException {
        //1.定时任务 的 名字和组名
        JobKey jobKey = define.getJobKey();
        //2.定时任务 的 元数据
        JobDataMap jobDataMap = getJobDataMap(define.getJobDataMap());
        //3.定时任务 的 描述
        String description = define.getDescription();
        //4.定时任务 的 逻辑实现类
        Class<? extends Job> jobClass = define.getJobClass();
        //5.定时任务 的 cron表达式
        String cron = define.getCronExpression();
        JobDetail jobDetail = getJobDetail(jobKey, description, jobDataMap, jobClass);
        Trigger trigger = getTrigger(jobKey, description, jobDataMap, cron);
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
    }
    public JobDataMap getJobDataMap(Map<?, ?> map) {
        return map == null ? new JobDataMap() : new JobDataMap(map);
    }
    /**
     * 获取定时任务的定义
     * JobDetail是任务的定义,Job是任务的执行逻辑
     *
     * @param jobKey      定时任务的名称 组名
     * @param description 定时任务的 描述
     * @param jobDataMap  定时任务的 元数据
     * @param jobClass    {@link org.quartz.Job} 定时任务的 真正执行逻辑定义类
     */
    public JobDetail getJobDetail(JobKey jobKey, String description, JobDataMap jobDataMap, Class<? extends Job> jobClass) {
        return JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass)
                .withIdentity(jobKey)
                .withDescription(description)
                .setJobData(jobDataMap)
                .usingJobData(jobDataMap)
                .requestRecovery()
                .storeDurably()
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 获取Trigger (Job的触发器,执行规则)
     *
     * @param jobKey         定时任务的名称 组名
     * @param description    定时任务的 描述
     * @param jobDataMap     定时任务的 元数据
     * @param cronExpression 定时任务的 执行cron表达式
     */
    public Trigger getTrigger(JobKey jobKey, String description, JobDataMap jobDataMap, String cronExpression) {
        return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withIdentity(jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup())
                .withDescription(description)
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression))
                .usingJobData(jobDataMap)
                .build();
    }
}

5.创建控制器添加接口用于创建定时任务

package com.myquartzdemo.demo.controller;

import com.myquartzdemo.demo.entity.TaskDefine;
import com.myquartzdemo.demo.execute.SayHelloJobLogic;
import com.myquartzdemo.demo.service.QuartzJobService;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class QuartzDemoController {
    @Autowired
    private QuartzJobService quartzJobService;
    /**
     * 暂停 hello world
     */
    @GetMapping("/addHelloWorldJob")
    @ResponseBody
    public String addHelloWorldJob(@RequestParam(required = false,defaultValue = "sayHelloJobLogic")String name, @RequestParam(required = false,defaultValue = "GroupOne")String group) throws SchedulerException {
        JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name,group);
        //创建一个定时任务
        TaskDefine task = TaskDefine.builder()
                .jobKey(jobKey)
                .cronExpression("0/2 * * * * ? ")   //定时任务 的cron表达式
                .jobClass(SayHelloJobLogic.class)   //定时任务 的具体执行逻辑
                .description("这是一个测试的 任务")    //定时任务 的描述
                .build();
        quartzJobService.scheduleJob(task);
        return "start HelloWorld Job success";
    }
}

6添加一个静态html到 static目录

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>quartz</title>
</head>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<body>
<a href="/addHelloWorldJob"><button>添加SayHello任务</button></a>
</body>
<script>

</script>
</html>